//
// IEEE-1284 Device ID support functions for libcupsfilters.
//
// Copyright 2007-2011 by Apple Inc.
// Copyright 1997-2007 by Easy Software Products, all rights reserved.
//
// Licensed under Apache License v2.0.  See the file "LICENSE" for more
// information.
//
// Contents:
//
//   cfIEEE1284GetDeviceID()           - Get the IEEE-1284 device ID string and
//                                       corresponding URI.
//   cfIEEE1284GetMakeModel()          - Get the make and model string from the
//                                       device ID.
//   cfIEEE1284GetValues()             - Get 1284 device ID keys and values.
//   cfIEEE1284NormalizeMakeModel()    - Normalize a product/make-and-model
//                                       string.
//

//
// Include necessary headers.
//

#include <config.h>
#include "ieee1284.h"
#include "debug-internal.h"
#include <cups/cups.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdio.h>


//
// 'cfIEEE1284GetDeviceID()' - Get the IEEE-1284 device ID string and
//                             corresponding URI.
//

int					// O - 0 on success, -1 on failure
cfIEEE1284GetDeviceID(
    int        fd,			// I - File descriptor
    char       *device_id,		// O - 1284 device ID
    int        device_id_size,		// I - Size of buffer
    char       *make_model,		// O - Make/model
    int        make_model_size,		// I - Size of buffer
    const char *scheme,			// I - URI scheme
    char       *uri,			// O - Device URI
    int        uri_size)		// I - Size of buffer
{
#ifdef __APPLE__ // This function is a no-op
  (void)fd;
  (void)device_id;
  (void)device_id_size;
  (void)make_model;
  (void)make_model_size;
  (void)scheme;
  (void)uri;
  (void)uri_size;

  return (-1);

#else // Get the device ID from the specified file descriptor...
#  ifdef __linux
  int	length;				// Length of device ID info
  int   got_id = 0;
#  endif // __linux
#  if defined(__sun) && defined(ECPPIOC_GETDEVID)
  struct ecpp_device_id did;		// Device ID buffer
#  endif // __sun && ECPPIOC_GETDEVID
  char	*ptr;				// Pointer into device ID


  DEBUG_printf(("cfIEEE1284GetDeviceID(fd=%d, device_id=%p, device_id_size=%d, "
                "make_model=%p, make_model_size=%d, scheme=\"%s\", "
		"uri=%p, uri_size=%d)\n", fd, device_id, device_id_size,
		make_model, make_model_size, scheme ? scheme : "(null)",
		uri, uri_size));

  //
  // Range check input...
  //

  if (!device_id || device_id_size < 32)
  {
    DEBUG_puts("cfIEEE1284GetDeviceID: Bad args!");
    return (-1);
  }

  if (make_model)
    *make_model = '\0';

  if (fd >= 0)
  {
    //
    // Get the device ID string...
    //

    *device_id = '\0';

#  ifdef __linux
    if (ioctl(fd, LPIOC_GET_DEVICE_ID(device_id_size), device_id))
    {
      //
      // Linux has to implement things differently for every device it seems.
      // Since the standard parallel port driver does not provide a simple
      // ioctl() to get the 1284 device ID, we have to open the "raw" parallel
      // device corresponding to this port and do some negotiation trickery
      // to get the current device ID.
      //

      if (uri && !strncmp(uri, "parallel:/dev/", 14))
      {
	char	devparport[16];		// /dev/parportN
	int	devparportfd,		// File descriptor for raw device
		mode;			// Port mode


	//
	// Since the Linux parallel backend only supports 4 parallel port
	// devices, just grab the trailing digit and use it to construct a
	// /dev/parportN filename...
	//

	snprintf(devparport, sizeof(devparport), "/dev/parport%s",
		 uri + strlen(uri) - 1);

	if ((devparportfd = open(devparport, O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY)) != -1)
	{
	  //
	  // Claim the device...
	  //

	  if (!ioctl(devparportfd, PPCLAIM))
	  {
	    fcntl(devparportfd, F_SETFL, fcntl(devparportfd, F_GETFL) | O_NONBLOCK);

	    mode = IEEE1284_MODE_COMPAT;

	    if (!ioctl(devparportfd, PPNEGOT, &mode))
	    {
	      //
	      // Put the device into Device ID mode...
	      //

	      mode = IEEE1284_MODE_NIBBLE | IEEE1284_DEVICEID;

	      if (!ioctl(devparportfd, PPNEGOT, &mode))
	      {
		//
		// Read the 1284 device ID...
		//

		if ((length = read(devparportfd, device_id,
				   device_id_size - 1)) >= 2)
		{
		  device_id[length] = '\0';
		  got_id = 1;
		}
	      }
	    }

	    //
	    // Release the device...
	    //

	    ioctl(devparportfd, PPRELEASE);
	  }

	  close(devparportfd);
	}
      }
    }
    else
      got_id = 1;

    if (got_id)
    {
      //
      // Extract the length of the device ID string from the first two
      // bytes.  The 1284 spec says the length is stored MSB first...
      //

      length = (((unsigned)device_id[0] & 255) << 8) +
	       ((unsigned)device_id[1] & 255);

      //
      // Check to see if the length is larger than our buffer; first
      // assume that the vendor incorrectly implemented the 1284 spec,
      // and then limit the length to the size of our buffer...
      //

      if (length > device_id_size || length < 14)
	length = (((unsigned)device_id[1] & 255) << 8) +
		 ((unsigned)device_id[0] & 255);

      if (length > device_id_size)
	length = device_id_size;

      //
      // The length field counts the number of bytes in the string
      // including the length field itself (2 bytes).  The minimum
      // length for a valid/usable device ID is 14 bytes:
      //
      //     <LENGTH> MFG: <MFG> ;MDL: <MDL> ;
      //        2  +   4  +  1  +  5 +  1 +  1
      //

      if (length < 14)
      {
	//
	// Can't use this device ID, so don't try to copy it...
	//

	device_id[0] = '\0';
	got_id       = 0;
      }
      else
      {
	//
	// Copy the device ID text to the beginning of the buffer and
	// nul-terminate.
	//

	length -= 2;

	memmove(device_id, device_id + 2, length);
	device_id[length] = '\0';
      }
    }
    else
    {
      DEBUG_printf(("cfIEEE1284GetDeviceID: ioctl failed - %s\n",
                    strerror(errno)));
      *device_id = '\0';
    }
#  endif // __linux

#   if defined(__sun) && defined(ECPPIOC_GETDEVID)
    did.mode = ECPP_CENTRONICS;
    did.len  = device_id_size - 1;
    did.rlen = 0;
    did.addr = device_id;

    if (!ioctl(fd, ECPPIOC_GETDEVID, &did))
    {
      //
      // Nul-terminate the device ID text.
      //

      if (did.rlen < (device_id_size - 1))
	device_id[did.rlen] = '\0';
      else
	device_id[device_id_size - 1] = '\0';
    }
#    ifdef DEBUG
    else
      DEBUG_printf(("cfIEEE1284GetDeviceID: ioctl failed - %s\n",
                    strerror(errno)));
#    endif // DEBUG
#  endif // __sun && ECPPIOC_GETDEVID
  }

  //
  // Check whether device ID is valid. Turn line breaks and tabs to spaces and
  // reject device IDs with non-printable characters.
  //

  for (ptr = device_id; *ptr; ptr ++)
    if (isspace(*ptr))
      *ptr = ' ';
    else if ((*ptr & 255) < ' ' || *ptr == 127)
    {
      DEBUG_printf(("cfIEEE1284GetDeviceID: Bad device_id character %d.",
                    *ptr & 255));
      *device_id = '\0';
      break;
    }

  DEBUG_printf(("cfIEEE1284GetDeviceID: device_id=\"%s\"\n", device_id));

  if (scheme && uri)
    *uri = '\0';

  if (!*device_id)
    return (-1);

  //
  // Get the make and model...
  //

  if (make_model)
    cfIEEE1284GetMakeModel(device_id, make_model, make_model_size);

  //
  // Then generate a device URI...
  //

  if (scheme && uri && uri_size > 32)
  {
    int			num_values;	// Number of keys and values
    cups_option_t	*values;	// Keys and values in device ID
    const char		*mfg,		// Manufacturer
			*mdl,		// Model
			*sern;		// Serial number
    char		temp[256],	// Temporary manufacturer string
			*tempptr;	// Pointer into temp string


    //
    // Get the make, model, and serial numbers...
    //

    num_values = cfIEEE1284GetValues(device_id, &values);

    if ((sern = cupsGetOption("SERIALNUMBER", num_values, values)) == NULL)
      if ((sern = cupsGetOption("SERN", num_values, values)) == NULL)
        sern = cupsGetOption("SN", num_values, values);

    if ((mfg = cupsGetOption("MANUFACTURER", num_values, values)) == NULL)
      mfg = cupsGetOption("MFG", num_values, values);

    if ((mdl = cupsGetOption("MODEL", num_values, values)) == NULL)
      mdl = cupsGetOption("MDL", num_values, values);

    if (mfg)
    {
      if (!strcasecmp(mfg, "Hewlett-Packard"))
        mfg = "HP";
      else if (!strcasecmp(mfg, "Lexmark International"))
        mfg = "Lexmark";
    }
    else
    {
      strncpy(temp, make_model, sizeof(temp) - 1);
      temp[sizeof(temp) - 1] = '\0';

      if ((tempptr = strchr(temp, ' ')) != NULL)
        *tempptr = '\0';

      mfg = temp;
    }

    if (!mdl)
      mdl = "";

    if (!strncasecmp(mdl, mfg, strlen(mfg)))
    {
      mdl += strlen(mfg);

      while (isspace(*mdl & 255))
        mdl ++;
    }

    //
    // Generate the device URI from the manufacturer, make_model, and
    // serial number strings.
    //

    httpAssembleURIf(HTTP_URI_CODING_ALL, uri, uri_size, scheme, NULL, mfg, 0,
                     "/%s%s%s", mdl, sern ? "?serial=" : "", sern ? sern : "");

    cupsFreeOptions(num_values, values);
  }

  return (0);
#endif // __APPLE__
}


//
// 'cfIEEE1284GetMakeModel()' - Get the make and model string from the
//                              device ID.
//

int					// O - 0 on success, -1 on failure
cfIEEE1284GetMakeModel(
    const char *device_id,		// O - 1284 device ID
    char       *make_model,		// O - Make/model
    int        make_model_size)		// I - Size of buffer
{
  int		num_values;		// Number of keys and values
  cups_option_t	*values;		// Keys and values
  const char	*mfg,			// Manufacturer string
		*mdl,			// Model string
		*des;			// Description string


  DEBUG_printf(("cfIEEE1284GetMakeModel(device_id=\"%s\", "
                "make_model=%p, make_model_size=%d)\n", device_id,
		make_model, make_model_size));

  //
  // Range check input...
  //

  if (!device_id || !*device_id || !make_model || make_model_size < 32)
  {
    DEBUG_puts("cfIEEE1284GetMakeModel: Bad args!");
    return (-1);
  }

  *make_model = '\0';

  //
  // Look for the description field...
  //

  num_values = cfIEEE1284GetValues(device_id, &values);

  if (!num_values)
  {
    DEBUG_puts("cfIEEE1284GetMakeModel: no key:value pairs");
    return (-1);
  }

  if ((mdl = cupsGetOption("MODEL", num_values, values)) == NULL)
    mdl = cupsGetOption("MDL", num_values, values);

  if (mdl)
  {
    //
    // Build a make-model string from the manufacturer and model attributes...
    //

    if ((mfg = cupsGetOption("MANUFACTURER", num_values, values)) == NULL)
      mfg = cupsGetOption("MFG", num_values, values);

    if (!mfg || !strncasecmp(mdl, mfg, strlen(mfg)))
    {
      //
      // Just copy the model string, since it has the manufacturer...
      //

      cfIEEE1284NormalizeMakeModel(mdl, NULL, CF_IEEE1284_NORMALIZE_HUMAN, NULL,
				   make_model, make_model_size, NULL, NULL,
				   NULL);
    }
    else
    {
      //
      // Concatenate the make and model...
      //

      char	temp[1024];		// Temporary make and model

      snprintf(temp, sizeof(temp), "%s %s", mfg, mdl);

      cfIEEE1284NormalizeMakeModel(temp, NULL, CF_IEEE1284_NORMALIZE_HUMAN,
				   NULL, make_model, make_model_size, NULL,
				   NULL, NULL);
    }
  }
  else if ((des = cupsGetOption("DESCRIPTION", num_values, values)) != NULL ||
           (des = cupsGetOption("DES", num_values, values)) != NULL)
  {
    //
    // Make sure the description contains something useful, since some
    // printer manufacturers (HP) apparently don't follow the standards
    // they helped to define...
    //
    // Here we require the description to be 8 or more characters in length,
    // containing at least one space and one letter.
    //

    if (strlen(des) >= 8)
    {
      const char	*ptr;		// Pointer into description
      int		letters,	// Number of letters seen
			spaces;		// Number of spaces seen


      for (ptr = des, letters = 0, spaces = 0; *ptr; ptr ++)
      {
	if (isspace(*ptr & 255))
	  spaces ++;
	else if (isalpha(*ptr & 255))
	  letters ++;

	if (spaces && letters)
	  break;
      }

      if (spaces && letters)
        cfIEEE1284NormalizeMakeModel(des, NULL, CF_IEEE1284_NORMALIZE_HUMAN,
				     NULL, make_model, make_model_size, NULL,
				     NULL, NULL);
    }
  }

  if (!make_model[0])
  {
    //
    // Use "Unknown" as the printer make and model...
    //

    strncpy(make_model, "Unknown", make_model_size - 1);
    make_model[make_model_size - 1] = '\0';
  }

  cupsFreeOptions(num_values, values);

  return (0);
}


//
// 'cfIEEE1284GetValues()' - Get 1284 device ID keys and values.
//
// The returned dictionary is a CUPS option array that can be queried with
// cupsGetOption and freed with cupsFreeOptions.
//

int					// O - Number of key/value pairs
cfIEEE1284GetValues(
    const char *device_id,		// I - IEEE-1284 device ID string
    cups_option_t **values)		// O - Array of key/value pairs
{
  int		num_values;		// Number of values
  char		key[256],		// Key string
		value[256],		// Value string
		*ptr;			// Pointer into key/value


  //
  // Range check input...
  //

  if (values)
    *values = NULL;

  if (!device_id || !values)
    return (0);

  //
  // Parse the 1284 device ID value into keys and values.  The format is
  // repeating sequences of:
  //
  //   [whitespace]key:value[whitespace];
  //

  num_values = 0;
  while (*device_id)
  {
    while (isspace(*device_id))
      device_id ++;

    if (!*device_id)
      break;

    for (ptr = key; *device_id && *device_id != ':'; device_id ++)
      if (ptr < (key + sizeof(key) - 1))
        *ptr++ = *device_id;

    if (!*device_id)
      break;

    while (ptr > key && isspace(ptr[-1]))
      ptr --;

    *ptr = '\0';
    device_id ++;

    while (isspace(*device_id))
      device_id ++;

    if (!*device_id)
      break;

    for (ptr = value; *device_id && *device_id != ';'; device_id ++)
      if (ptr < (value + sizeof(value) - 1))
        *ptr++ = *device_id;

    if (!*device_id)
      break;

    while (ptr > value && isspace(ptr[-1]))
      ptr --;

    *ptr = '\0';
    device_id ++;

    if (!key[0] || !value[0])
      continue;

    num_values = cupsAddOption(key, value, num_values, values);
  }

  return (num_values);
}

//
// 'move_right_part()' - Mark a start position in a string buffer and
//                       move all characters beginning from there by
//                       a given amount of characters. Characters will
//                       get lost when moving to the left, there will
//                       be undefined character positions when moving
//                       to the right.
//

static void
move_right_part(
    char       *buffer,	     // I/O - String buffer
    size_t     bufsize,	     // I   - Size of string buffer
    char       *start_pos,   // I   - Start of part to be moved
    int        num_chars)    // I   - Move by how many characters?
{
  int bytes_to_be_moved,
      buf_space_available;

  if (num_chars == 0)
    return;

  buf_space_available = bufsize - (start_pos - buffer);
  bytes_to_be_moved = strlen(start_pos) + 1;

  if (num_chars > 0)
  {
    if (bytes_to_be_moved + num_chars > buf_space_available)
      bytes_to_be_moved = buf_space_available - num_chars;
    memmove(start_pos + num_chars, start_pos, bytes_to_be_moved);
  }
  else
  {
    bytes_to_be_moved += num_chars;
    memmove(start_pos, start_pos - num_chars, bytes_to_be_moved);
  }
}

//
// 'cfIEEE1284NormalizeMakeModel()' - Normalize a product/make-and-model
//                                    string.
//
// This function tries to undo the mistakes made by many printer manufacturers
// to produce a clean make-and-model string we can use.
//

char *					// O - Normalized make-and-model string
                                        //     or NULL on error
cfIEEE1284NormalizeMakeModel(
    const char *make_and_model,		// I - Original make-and-model string
					//     or device ID
    const char *make,                   // I - Manufacturer name as hint for
                                        //     correct separation of
					//     make_and_model or adding
					//     make, or pointer into input
					//     string where model name starts
					//     or NULL,
					//     ignored on device ID with "MFG"
					//     field or for NO_MAKE_MODEL
    cf_ieee1284_normalize_modes_t mode,	// I - Bit field to describe how to
					//     normalize
    regex_t    *extra_regex,            // I - Compiled regex to determine
					//     where the extra info after
					//     the driver name starts, also
					//     mark with parentheses which
					//     sub string should be the
					//     driver name
    char       *buffer,			// O - String buffer, to hold the
					//     normalized input string, plus,
					//     after the terminating zero, the
					//     driver name if an appropriate
					//     extra_regex is supplied
					//     (*drvname will point to it)
    size_t     bufsize,			// O - Size of string buffer
    char       **model,                 // O - Pointer to where model name
					//     starts in buffer or NULL
    char       **extra,                 // O - Pointer to where extra info
					//     starts in buffer (after comma,
					//     semicolon, parenthese, or
					//     start of extra_regex
					//     match) or NULL
    char       **drvname)               // O - Driver name, string of the first
                                        //     matching parenthese expression
                                        //     in the extra_regex
{
  int   i;
  char	*bufptr;			// Pointer into buffer
  char  sepchr = ' ';                   // Word separator character
  int   compare = 0,                    // Format for comparing
        compare_len = 0,                // Length of compared buffer
        human = 0,                      // Format for human-readable string
        lower = 0,                      // All letters lowercase
        upper = 0,                      // All letters uppercase
        pad = 0,                        // Zero-pad numbers to 6 digits
        separate = 0,                   // Separate components with '\0'
        nomakemodel = 0;                // No make/model/extra separation
  char  *makeptr = NULL,                // Manufacturer name in buffer
        *modelptr = NULL,               // Model name in buffer
        *extraptr = NULL,               // Extra info in buffer
        *drvptr = NULL;                 // Driver name in buffer
  int   numdigits = 0,
        rightsidemoved = 0;
  regmatch_t re_matches[10];            // Regular expression matches,
					// first entry for the whole regex,
                                        // following entries for each
                                        // parenthese pair

  if (!make_and_model || !buffer || bufsize < 1)
  {
    if (buffer)
      *buffer = '\0';

    return (NULL);
  }

  //
  // Check formatting mode...
  //

  if (!mode)
    mode = CF_IEEE1284_NORMALIZE_HUMAN;

  if (mode & CF_IEEE1284_NORMALIZE_SEPARATOR_SPACE)
    sepchr = ' ';
  else if (mode & CF_IEEE1284_NORMALIZE_SEPARATOR_DASH)
    sepchr = '-';
  else if (mode & CF_IEEE1284_NORMALIZE_SEPARATOR_UNDERSCORE)
    sepchr = '_';

  if (mode & CF_IEEE1284_NORMALIZE_LOWERCASE)
    lower = 1;
  if (mode & CF_IEEE1284_NORMALIZE_UPPERCASE)
    upper = 1;

  if (mode & CF_IEEE1284_NORMALIZE_PAD_NUMBERS)
    pad = 1;

  if (mode & CF_IEEE1284_NORMALIZE_SEPARATE_COMPONENTS)
    separate = 1;

  if (mode & CF_IEEE1284_NORMALIZE_NO_MAKE_MODEL)
    nomakemodel = 1;

  if (mode & CF_IEEE1284_NORMALIZE_IPP)
  {
    compare = 1;
    lower = 1;
    upper = 0;
    sepchr = '-';
  }
  else if (mode & CF_IEEE1284_NORMALIZE_ENV)
  {
    compare = 1;
    lower = 0;
    upper = 1;
    sepchr = '_';
  }
  else if (mode & CF_IEEE1284_NORMALIZE_COMPARE)
  {
    compare = 1;
    if (lower == 0 && upper == 0)
      lower = 1;
    if (lower == 1 && upper == 1)
      upper = 0;
  }
  else if (mode & CF_IEEE1284_NORMALIZE_HUMAN)
    human = 1;

  //
  // Skip leading whitespace...
  //

  while (isspace(*make_and_model))
    make_and_model ++;

  //
  // Remove parentheses...
  //

  if (make_and_model[0] == '(')
  {
    strncpy(buffer, make_and_model + 1, bufsize - 1);
    buffer[bufsize - 1] = '\0';

    if ((bufptr = strrchr(buffer, ')')) != NULL)
      *bufptr = '\0';
  }

  //
  // Determine format of input string
  //

  if ((((makeptr = (char *)strstr(make_and_model, "MFG:")) != NULL &&
	(makeptr == make_and_model || *(makeptr - 1) == ';')) ||
       ((makeptr = (char *)strstr(make_and_model, "MANUFACTURER:")) != NULL &&
	(makeptr == make_and_model || *(makeptr - 1) == ';'))) &&
      (((modelptr = (char *)strstr(make_and_model, "MDL:")) != NULL &&
	(modelptr == make_and_model || *(modelptr - 1) == ';')) ||
       ((modelptr = (char *)strstr(make_and_model, "MODEL:")) != NULL &&
	(modelptr == make_and_model || *(modelptr - 1) == ';'))))
  {
    //
    // Input is device ID
    //

    bufptr = buffer;
    while (*makeptr != ':') makeptr ++;
    makeptr ++;
    while (isspace(*makeptr)) makeptr ++;
    while (*makeptr != ';' && *makeptr != '\0' &&
	   bufptr < buffer + bufsize - 1)
    {
      *bufptr = *makeptr;
      makeptr ++;
      bufptr ++;
    }
    while (isspace(*(bufptr - 1))) bufptr --;
    if (bufptr < buffer + bufsize - 1)
    {
      *bufptr = ' ';
      makeptr ++;
      bufptr ++;
    }
    makeptr = bufptr;
    while (*modelptr != ':') modelptr ++;
    modelptr ++;
    while (isspace(*modelptr)) modelptr ++;
    while (*modelptr != ';' && *modelptr != '\0' &&
	   bufptr < buffer + bufsize - 1)
    {
      *bufptr = *modelptr;
      modelptr ++;
      bufptr ++;
    }
    while (isspace(*(bufptr - 1))) bufptr --;
    *bufptr = '\0';
    if (!nomakemodel && makeptr != bufptr)
      modelptr = makeptr;
    else
      modelptr = NULL;
    extraptr = NULL;
    drvptr = NULL;
  }
  else
  {
    //
    // Input is string of type "MAKE MODEL", "MAKE MODEL, EXTRA", or
    // "MAKE MODEL (EXTRA)"
    //

    modelptr = NULL;
    extraptr = NULL;
    drvptr = NULL;
    strncpy(buffer, make_and_model, bufsize - 1);
    buffer[bufsize - 1] = '\0';

    if (!nomakemodel)
    {
      if (make)
      {
	if (make >= make_and_model &&
	    make < make_and_model + strlen(make_and_model))
	  //
	  // User-supplied pointer where model name starts
	  //

	  modelptr = buffer + (make - make_and_model);
	else if (strlen(make) < bufsize &&
		 !strncasecmp(buffer, make, strlen(make)) &&
		 isspace(buffer[strlen(make)]))
	{
	  //
	  // User-supplied make string matches start of input
	  //

	  modelptr = buffer + strlen(make) + 1;
	  if (modelptr >= buffer + strlen(buffer))
	    modelptr = buffer + strlen(buffer);
	}
	else
	{
	  //
	  // Add user-supplied make string at start of input
	  //

	  snprintf(buffer, bufsize, "%s %s", make, make_and_model);
	  modelptr = buffer + strlen(make) + 1;
	  if (modelptr >= buffer + strlen(buffer))
	    modelptr = buffer + strlen(buffer);
	}
      }

      //
      // Add manufacturers as needed...
      //

      if (modelptr == NULL)
      {
	if (!strncasecmp(make_and_model, "XPrint ", 7))
	{
	  //
	  // Xerox XPrint...
	  // Note: We check for the space after XPrint to ensure we do
	  // not display Xerox for Xprinter devices, which are NOT by
	  // Xerox.
	  //

	  snprintf(buffer, bufsize, "Xerox %s", make_and_model);
	  modelptr = buffer + 6;
	  if (modelptr >= buffer + strlen(buffer))
	    modelptr = buffer + strlen(buffer);
	}
	else if (!strncasecmp(make_and_model, "Eastman", 7))
        {
	  //
	  // Kodak...
	  //

	  snprintf(buffer, bufsize, "Kodak %s", make_and_model + 7);
	  modelptr = buffer + 6;
	  if (modelptr >= buffer + strlen(buffer))
	    modelptr = buffer + strlen(buffer);
	}
	else if (!strncasecmp(make_and_model, "laserwriter", 11))
	{
	  //
	  // Apple LaserWriter...
	  //

	  snprintf(buffer, bufsize, "Apple LaserWriter%s", make_and_model + 11);
	  modelptr = buffer + 6;
	  if (modelptr >= buffer + strlen(buffer))
	    modelptr = buffer + strlen(buffer);
	}
	else if (!strncasecmp(make_and_model, "colorpoint", 10))
        {
	  //
	  // Seiko...
	  //

	  snprintf(buffer, bufsize, "Seiko %s", make_and_model);
	  modelptr = buffer + 6;
	  if (modelptr >= buffer + strlen(buffer))
	    modelptr = buffer + strlen(buffer);
	}
	else if (!strncasecmp(make_and_model, "fiery", 5))
        {
	  //
	  // EFI...
	  //

	  snprintf(buffer, bufsize, "EFI %s", make_and_model);
	  modelptr = buffer + 4;
	  if (modelptr >= buffer + strlen(buffer))
	    modelptr = buffer + strlen(buffer);
        }
	else if (!strncasecmp(make_and_model, "ps ", 3) ||
		 !strncasecmp(make_and_model, "colorpass", 9))
        {
	  //
	  // Canon...
	  //

	  snprintf(buffer, bufsize, "Canon %s", make_and_model);
	  modelptr = buffer + 6;
	  if (modelptr >= buffer + strlen(buffer))
	    modelptr = buffer + strlen(buffer);
	}
	else if (!strncasecmp(make_and_model, "primera", 7))
        {
	  //
	  // Fargo...
	  //

	  snprintf(buffer, bufsize, "Fargo %s", make_and_model);
	  modelptr = buffer + 6;
	  if (modelptr >= buffer + strlen(buffer))
	    modelptr = buffer + strlen(buffer);
	}
	else if (!strncasecmp(make_and_model, "designjet", 9) ||
		 !strncasecmp(make_and_model, "deskjet", 7) ||
		 !strncasecmp(make_and_model, "laserjet", 8) ||
		 !strncasecmp(make_and_model, "officejet", 9))
        {
	  //
	  // HP...
	  //

	  snprintf(buffer, bufsize, "HP %s", make_and_model);
	  modelptr = buffer + 3;
	  if (modelptr >= buffer + strlen(buffer))
	    modelptr = buffer + strlen(buffer);
	}
	else if (!strncasecmp(make_and_model, "ecosys", 6))
        {
	  //
	  // Kyocera...
	  //

	  snprintf(buffer, bufsize, "Kyocera %s", make_and_model);
	  modelptr = buffer + 8;
	  if (modelptr >= buffer + strlen(buffer))
	    modelptr = buffer + strlen(buffer);
	}

	//
	// Known make names with space
	//

	else if (strlen(buffer) >= 15 &&
		 strncasecmp(buffer, "konica minolta", 14) &&
		 isspace(buffer[14]))
	  modelptr = buffer + 15;
	else if (strlen(buffer) >= 11 &&
		 strncasecmp(buffer, "fuji xerox", 10) &&
		 isspace(buffer[10]))
	  modelptr = buffer + 11;
	else if (strlen(buffer) >= 22 &&
		 strncasecmp(buffer, "lexmark international", 21) &&
		 isspace(buffer[21]))
	  modelptr = buffer + 22;
	else if (strlen(buffer) >= 13 &&
		 strncasecmp(buffer, "kyocera mita", 12) &&
		 isspace(buffer[12]))
	  modelptr = buffer + 13;

	//
	// Consider the first space as separation between make and model
	//

	else
	{
	  modelptr = buffer;
	  while (!isspace(*modelptr) && *modelptr != '\0')
	    modelptr ++;
	}
      }

      //
      // Adjust modelptr to the actual start of the model name
      //

      if (modelptr && modelptr > buffer + strlen(buffer))
	modelptr = buffer + strlen(buffer);

      if (modelptr)
	while (!isalnum(*modelptr) && *modelptr != '\0')
	  modelptr ++;
    }
  }

  if (!nomakemodel)
  {
    //
    // Clean up the make...
    //

    bufptr = buffer;
    while ((bufptr = strcasestr(bufptr, "agfa")) != NULL &&
	   (bufptr == buffer || !isalnum(*(bufptr - 1))) &&
	   !isalnum(*(bufptr + 4)))
    {
      //
      // Replace with AGFA (all uppercase)...
      //

      bufptr[0] = 'A';
      bufptr[1] = 'G';
      bufptr[2] = 'F';
      bufptr[3] = 'A';
      bufptr += 4;
    }

    bufptr = buffer;
    while ((bufptr = strcasestr(bufptr, "Hewlett-Packard")) != NULL)
    {
      //
      // Replace with "HP"...
      //

      bufptr[0] = 'H';
      bufptr[1] = 'P';
      move_right_part(buffer, bufsize, bufptr + 2, -13);
      if (modelptr >= bufptr + 15)
	modelptr -= 13;
      bufptr += 2;
    }

    bufptr = buffer;
    while ((bufptr = strcasestr(bufptr, "eastman kodak company")) != NULL &&
	   (bufptr == buffer || !isalnum(*(bufptr - 1))) &&
	   !isalnum(*(bufptr + 21)))
    {
      //
      // Replace with Kodak...
      //

      bufptr[0] = 'K';
      bufptr[1] = 'o';
      bufptr[2] = 'd';
      bufptr[3] = 'a';
      bufptr[4] = 'k';
      move_right_part(buffer, bufsize, bufptr + 5, -16);
      if (modelptr >= bufptr + 21)
	modelptr -= 16;
      bufptr += 5;
    }

    bufptr = buffer;
    while ((bufptr = strcasestr(bufptr, "Lexmark International")) != NULL)
    {
      //
      // Strip "International"...
      //

      move_right_part(buffer, bufsize, bufptr + 7, -14);
      if (modelptr >= bufptr + 21)
	modelptr -= 14;
      bufptr += 7;
    }

    bufptr = buffer;
    while ((bufptr = strcasestr(bufptr, "herk")) != NULL &&
	   (bufptr == buffer || !isalnum(*(bufptr - 1))) &&
	   !isalnum(*(bufptr + 4)))
    {
      //
      // Replace with LHAG...
      //

      bufptr[0] = 'L';
      bufptr[1] = 'H';
      bufptr[2] = 'A';
      bufptr[3] = 'G';
      bufptr += 4;
    }

    bufptr = buffer;
    while ((bufptr = strcasestr(bufptr, "linotype")) != NULL &&
	   (bufptr == buffer || !isalnum(*(bufptr - 1))) &&
	   !isalnum(*(bufptr + 8)))
    {
      //
      // Replace with LHAG...
      //

      bufptr[0] = 'L';
      bufptr[1] = 'H';
      bufptr[2] = 'A';
      bufptr[3] = 'G';
      move_right_part(buffer, bufsize, bufptr + 4, -4);
      if (modelptr >= bufptr + 8)
	modelptr -= 4;
      bufptr += 4;
    }

    bufptr = buffer;
    while ((bufptr = strcasestr(bufptr, "TOSHIBA TEC Corp.")) != NULL)
    {
      //
      // Strip "TEC Corp."...
      //

      move_right_part(buffer, bufsize, bufptr + 7, -10);
      if (modelptr >= bufptr + 17)
	modelptr -= 10;
      bufptr += 7;
    }

    //
    // Remove repeated manufacturer names...
    //

    compare_len = modelptr - buffer;
    while (compare_len > 0 && strncasecmp(buffer, modelptr, compare_len) == 0)
      move_right_part(buffer, bufsize, modelptr, buffer - modelptr);

    //
    // Clean up the model name...
    //

    bufptr = modelptr;
    while ((bufptr = strcasestr(bufptr, " series")) != NULL)
    {
      //
      // Strip "series"...
      //

      move_right_part(buffer, bufsize, bufptr, -7);
    }

    //
    // Find extra info...
    //

    //
    // If an appropriate regular expression is supplied we consider
    // the end of the model name where the match of the whole regular
    // expression begins. The rest of the string is considered extra
    // info. To extract a driver name from it, the regular expression
    // can contain parantheses, where the content of the first
    // matching parenthese pair is considered the driver name
    //

    if (extra_regex)
    {
      if (!regexec(extra_regex, buffer,
		   (size_t)(sizeof(re_matches) / sizeof(re_matches[0])),
		   re_matches, 0))
      {
	// Regular expression matches
	extraptr = buffer + re_matches[0].rm_so;
	if (strlen(buffer) < bufsize - 3)
	  for (i = 1; i < (int)(sizeof(re_matches) / sizeof(re_matches[0]));
	       i ++)
	    if (re_matches[i].rm_so >= 0 && re_matches[i].rm_eo >= 0)
	    {
	      // We have a driver name (matching parentheses). Copy
	      // the driver name to the end of the output buffer, so
	      // it does not interfere with the output string and does
	      // not need to get moved when the length of the output
	      // string changes. Point drvptr to it for easy access
	      drvptr = buffer + bufsize - 1;
	      *drvptr = '\0';
	      drvptr --;
	      for (bufptr = buffer + re_matches[i].rm_eo - 1;
		   bufptr >= buffer + re_matches[i].rm_so &&
		     drvptr > buffer + strlen(buffer) + 1;
		   bufptr --, drvptr --)
		*drvptr = *bufptr;
	      if (bufptr < buffer + re_matches[i].rm_so)
		drvptr ++;
	      else
		drvptr = NULL;
	      break;
	    }
      }
    }
    else
    {
      // Not having a regular expression we consider comma, semicolon,
      // isolated dash, or parenthese as the end of the model name and
      // the rest of the string as extra info. So we set a pointer to
      // this extra info if we find such a character
      if ((extraptr = strchr(buffer, ',')) == NULL)
	if ((extraptr = strchr(buffer, ';')) == NULL)
	  if ((extraptr = strstr(buffer, " - ")) == NULL)
	    extraptr = strchr(buffer, '(');
      if (extraptr)
      {
	if (human)
	  // Include separator characters between model and extra info, pointer
	  // will be on first character after model
	  while (extraptr > buffer && isspace(*(extraptr - 1)))
	    extraptr --;
	else
	{
	  // Let extra info start at first alphanumeric character
	  while(!isalnum(*extraptr) && *extraptr != '\0')
	    extraptr ++;
	}
      }
    }
  }

  //
  // Remove trailing whitespace...
  //

  for (bufptr = buffer + strlen(buffer) - 1;
       bufptr >= buffer && isspace(*bufptr);
       bufptr --);

  bufptr[1] = '\0';

  //
  // Convert string into desired format
  //

  // Word and component separation, number padding
  bufptr = buffer;
  while (*bufptr)
  {
    rightsidemoved = 0;
    if (compare) // Comparison-optimized format
    {
      if (bufptr > buffer &&
	  ((isdigit(*bufptr) && isalpha(*(bufptr - 1))) || // a0 boundary
	   (isalpha(*bufptr) && isdigit(*(bufptr - 1))) || // 0a boundary
	   (!separate && modelptr && bufptr == modelptr &&
	    bufptr >= buffer + 2 && // 2 separator char between make/model
	    isalnum(*(bufptr - 2)) && !isalnum(*(bufptr - 1))) || 
	   (!separate && extraptr && bufptr == extraptr &&
	    bufptr >= buffer + 2 && // 2 separator char between model/extra
	    isalnum(*(bufptr - 2)) && !isalnum(*(bufptr - 1)))))
      {
	// Insert single separator
	move_right_part(buffer, bufsize, bufptr, 1);
	*bufptr = sepchr;
	rightsidemoved += 1;
      }
      else if (*bufptr == '+') // Model names sometimes differ only by a '+'
      {
	// Replace with the word "plus"
	move_right_part(buffer, bufsize, bufptr, 3);
	*bufptr = 'p';
	*(bufptr + 1) = 'l';
	*(bufptr + 2) = 'u';
	*(bufptr + 3) = 's';
	rightsidemoved += 3;
      }
      else if (!isalnum(*bufptr)) // Space or punctuation character
      {
	if (bufptr == buffer || !isalnum(*(bufptr - 1)))
	{
	  // The previous is already a separator, remove this one
	  move_right_part(buffer, bufsize, bufptr, -1);
	  rightsidemoved -= 1;
	}
	else
	  // Turn to standard separator character
	  *bufptr = sepchr;
      }
      if (pad)
      {
	if (isdigit(*bufptr))
	  numdigits ++;
	else if (numdigits &&
		 (!(isdigit(*bufptr)) ||
		  (modelptr && modelptr == bufptr) ||
		  (extraptr && extraptr == bufptr)))
	{
	  if (numdigits < 6)
	  {
	    move_right_part(buffer, bufsize,
			  bufptr - numdigits, 6 - numdigits);
	    memset(bufptr - numdigits, '0', 6 - numdigits);
	    rightsidemoved += 6 - numdigits;
	  }
	  numdigits = 0;
	}
      }
    }
    else if (human) // Human-readable format
    {
      if (isspace(*bufptr)) // White space
      {
	if (bufptr == buffer || isspace(*(bufptr - 1)))
	{
	  // The previous is already white space, remove this one
	  move_right_part(buffer, bufsize, bufptr, -1);
	  rightsidemoved -= 1;
	}
	else
	  // Turn to standard separator character
	  *bufptr = sepchr;
      }
    }
    // Separate component strings with '\0' if requested
    if (separate && bufptr > buffer)
    {
      if (modelptr && bufptr == modelptr)
	*(bufptr - 1) = '\0';
      if (extraptr && bufptr == extraptr)
	*(bufptr - 1) = '\0';
    }
    // Correct component start pointers
    if (modelptr && modelptr >= bufptr)
      modelptr += rightsidemoved;
    if (extraptr && extraptr >= bufptr)
      extraptr += rightsidemoved;
    // Advance to next character
    bufptr += (rightsidemoved > 0 ? rightsidemoved :
	       (rightsidemoved < 0 ? 0 : 1));
  }
  // Remove separator at the end of the string
  if (bufptr > buffer && *(bufptr - 1) == sepchr)
    *(bufptr - 1) = '\0'; 

  // Adjustment of upper/lowercase
  if (lower == 1 || upper == 1)
  {
    bufptr = buffer;
    while (*bufptr)
    {
      if (upper && islower(*bufptr)) *bufptr = toupper(*bufptr);
      if (lower && isupper(*bufptr)) *bufptr = tolower(*bufptr);
      bufptr ++;
    }
  }

  //
  // Return resulting string and pointers
  //

  if (drvptr <= buffer + strlen(buffer) + 1)
    drvptr = NULL;
  if (model) *model = modelptr;
  if (extra) *extra = extraptr;
  if (drvname) *drvname = drvptr;
  return (buffer[0] ? buffer : NULL);
}
