## ----include = FALSE----------------------------------------------------------
knitr::opts_chunk$set(
  collapse = TRUE,
  comment = "#>",
  eval = FALSE
)

## ----installation-------------------------------------------------------------
# # Install from CRAN (when available)
# install.packages("orcidtr")
# 
# # Or install development version from GitHub
# # install.packages("pak")
# pak::pak("lorenzoFabbri/orcidtr")

## ----person-data--------------------------------------------------------------
# library(orcidtr)
# 
# # Fetch complete person data
# person <- orcid_person("0000-0003-4757-117X")
# print(person)
# 
# # Fetch just the biography
# bio <- orcid_bio("0000-0003-4757-117X")
# print(bio$biography)
# 
# # Fetch research keywords
# keywords <- orcid_keywords("0000-0003-4757-117X")
# print(keywords)

## ----affiliations-------------------------------------------------------------
# # Fetch employment history
# employments <- orcid_employments("0000-0003-4757-117X")
# print(employments[, .(organization, role, city, country, start_date, end_date)])
# 
# # Fetch education records
# education <- orcid_educations("0000-0003-4757-117X")
# print(education[, .(organization, role, start_date, end_date)])

## ----research-outputs---------------------------------------------------------
# # Fetch publications and other works
# works <- orcid_works("0000-0003-4757-117X")
# 
# # Display summary
# cat(sprintf("Total works: %d\n", nrow(works)))
# cat(sprintf("Journal articles: %d\n", sum(works$type == "journal-article", na.rm = TRUE)))
# 
# # View recent publications
# recent_works <- works[order(-publication_date)][1:5, .(title, type, publication_date, doi)]
# print(recent_works)
# 
# # Fetch funding information
# funding <- orcid_funding("0000-0003-4757-117X")
# if (nrow(funding) > 0) {
#   print(funding[, .(title, organization, start_date, amount, currency)])
# }
# 
# # Fetch peer review activities
# reviews <- orcid_peer_reviews("0000-0003-4757-117X")
# if (nrow(reviews) > 0) {
#   cat(sprintf("Total peer reviews: %d\n", nrow(reviews)))
# }

## ----professional-activities--------------------------------------------------
# # Fetch distinctions and awards
# distinctions <- orcid_distinctions("0000-0003-4757-117X")
# if (nrow(distinctions) > 0) {
#   print(distinctions[, .(organization, role, start_date)])
# }
# 
# # Fetch professional memberships
# memberships <- orcid_memberships("0000-0003-4757-117X")
# if (nrow(memberships) > 0) {
#   print(memberships[, .(organization, role, start_date, end_date)])
# }
# 
# # Fetch all affiliations types
# invited_positions <- orcid_invited_positions("0000-0003-4757-117X")
# qualifications <- orcid_qualifications("0000-0003-4757-117X")
# services <- orcid_services("0000-0003-4757-117X")

## ----complete-record----------------------------------------------------------
# # Fetch everything
# record <- orcid_fetch_record("0000-0003-4757-117X")
# names(record)
# 
# # Access individual sections
# record$works
# record$employments
# record$person
# 
# # Fetch only specific sections for efficiency
# record <- orcid_fetch_record(
#   "0000-0003-4757-117X",
#   sections = c("works", "employments", "funding")
# )

## ----activities---------------------------------------------------------------
# # Fetch all activities summary
# activities <- orcid_activities("0000-0003-4757-117X")
# 
# # Access different activity types
# activities$works
# activities$employments
# activities$fundings
# activities$distinctions

## ----batch-processing---------------------------------------------------------
# # Define multiple ORCIDs
# orcids <- c(
#   "0000-0003-4757-117X",  # Hadley Wickham
#   "0000-0002-1825-0097",  # Yihui Xie
#   "0000-0003-1419-2405"   # Jenny Bryan
# )
# 
# # Fetch works for all
# all_works <- orcid_fetch_many(orcids, section = "works")
# 
# # Analyze combined data
# works_by_researcher <- all_works[, .N, by = orcid]
# print(works_by_researcher)
# 
# # Get works by type across all researchers
# works_by_type <- all_works[, .N, by = type][order(-N)]
# print(works_by_type)

## ----search-basic-------------------------------------------------------------
# # Search by family name
# results <- orcid_search(family_name = "Wickham")
# print(results[, .(orcid_id, given_names, family_name)])
# 
# # Search by affiliation
# results <- orcid_search(
#   affiliation_org = "Stanford University",
#   rows = 20
# )
# 
# # Combine multiple criteria
# results <- orcid_search(
#   family_name = "Smith",
#   given_names = "John",
#   affiliation_org = "MIT"
# )

## ----search-advanced----------------------------------------------------------
# # Search with field-specific queries
# results <- orcid(
#   query = 'family-name:Smith AND affiliation-org-name:"Harvard University"',
#   rows = 10
# )
# 
# # Search by keywords
# results <- orcid(
#   query = 'keyword:("machine learning" OR "artificial intelligence")',
#   rows = 15
# )
# 
# # Check total number of results
# cat(sprintf("Total found: %d\n", attr(results, "found")))
# cat(sprintf("Returned: %d\n", nrow(results)))

## ----search-doi---------------------------------------------------------------
# # Search for a single DOI
# results <- orcid_doi("10.1371/journal.pone.0001543")
# 
# # Search for multiple DOIs
# dois <- c(
#   "10.1371/journal.pone.0001543",
#   "10.1038/nature12345"
# )
# results <- orcid_doi(dois, rows = 50)

## ----analysis-trends----------------------------------------------------------
# library(orcidtr)
# 
# # Fetch works
# works <- orcid_works("0000-0003-4757-117X")
# 
# # Extract publication years
# works[, pub_year := as.integer(substr(publication_date, 1, 4))]
# 
# # Count publications by year
# pub_by_year <- works[!is.na(pub_year), .N, by = pub_year][order(pub_year)]
# print(pub_by_year)
# 
# # Publications by type
# pub_by_type <- works[, .N, by = type][order(-N)]
# print(pub_by_type)

## ----analysis-networks--------------------------------------------------------
# # Fetch works for multiple researchers
# orcids <- c(
#   "0000-0003-4757-117X",
#   "0000-0002-1825-0097",
#   "0000-0003-1419-2405"
# )
# 
# all_works <- orcid_fetch_many(orcids, section = "works")
# 
# # Count works per researcher
# works_count <- all_works[, .N, by = orcid]
# print(works_count)
# 
# # Get researchers with most recent publications
# recent_cutoff <- "2020-01-01"
# recent_works <- all_works[publication_date >= recent_cutoff]
# recent_count <- recent_works[, .N, by = orcid]
# print(recent_count)

## ----analysis-funding---------------------------------------------------------
# # Fetch funding for a researcher
# funding <- orcid_funding("0000-0003-4757-117X")
# 
# # Summarize by organization
# funding_by_org <- funding[, .N, by = organization][order(-N)]
# print(funding_by_org)
# 
# # Funding by type
# funding_by_type <- funding[, .N, by = type][order(-N)]
# print(funding_by_type)
# 
# # Active grants
# active_grants <- funding[
#   is.na(end_date) | end_date >= Sys.Date()
# ]
# print(active_grants[, .(title, organization, start_date)])

## ----auth-setup---------------------------------------------------------------
# # Set temporarily in session
# Sys.setenv(ORCID_TOKEN = "your-token-here")
# 
# # Or add to .Renviron file (recommended for persistent use)
# # ORCID_TOKEN=your-token-here

## ----auth-usage---------------------------------------------------------------
# # The token is automatically used if ORCID_TOKEN environment variable is set
# works <- orcid_works("0000-0003-4757-117X")
# 
# # Or pass explicitly (overrides environment variable)
# works <- orcid_works("0000-0003-4757-117X", token = "your-token-here")

## ----api-status---------------------------------------------------------------
# # Check if ORCID API is online
# status <- orcid_ping()
# print(status)

## ----error-handling-----------------------------------------------------------
# # Wrap API calls in tryCatch for production use
# result <- tryCatch(
#   {
#     orcid_works("0000-0003-4757-117X")
#   },
#   error = function(e) {
#     message("Failed to fetch works: ", conditionMessage(e))
#     data.table::data.table()  # Return empty data.table
#   }
# )
# 
# # For batch operations, use stop_on_error = FALSE
# orcids <- c("0000-0003-4757-117X", "invalid-orcid", "0000-0002-1825-0097")
# 
# all_works <- orcid_fetch_many(
#   orcids,
#   section = "works",
#   stop_on_error = FALSE  # Continue despite errors
# )

## ----rate-limiting------------------------------------------------------------
# # Add delays between requests
# orcids <- c("0000-0003-4757-117X", "0000-0002-1825-0097", "0000-0003-1419-2405")
# 
# results <- lapply(orcids, function(id) {
#   result <- orcid_works(id)
#   Sys.sleep(0.1)  # 100ms delay
#   result
# })
# 
# all_results <- data.table::rbindlist(results)

## ----caching------------------------------------------------------------------
# # Simple file-based cache
# cache_file <- "orcid_cache.rds"
# 
# fetch_with_cache <- function(orcid_id) {
#   if (file.exists(cache_file)) {
#     cache <- readRDS(cache_file)
#     if (orcid_id %in% names(cache)) {
#       message("Using cached data for ", orcid_id)
#       return(cache[[orcid_id]])
#     }
#   } else {
#     cache <- list()
#   }
# 
#   # Fetch fresh data
#   data <- orcid_fetch_record(orcid_id)
#   cache[[orcid_id]] <- data
#   saveRDS(cache, cache_file)
# 
#   data
# }
# 
# record <- fetch_with_cache("0000-0003-4757-117X")

## ----data-table-usage---------------------------------------------------------
# library(data.table)
# 
# works <- orcid_works("0000-0003-4757-117X")
# 
# # Filter by type
# articles <- works[type == "journal-article"]
# 
# # Select specific columns
# works[, .(title, publication_date, doi)]
# 
# # Chain operations
# works[
#   type == "journal-article" & !is.na(doi)
# ][
#   order(-publication_date)
# ][1:10, .(title, doi)]
# 
# # Aggregate
# works[, .N, by = type][order(-N)]